Programming
Every few years new generation of programmers declare new programming paradigm, the right way! I am not old enough to remember the programming before Fortran era, but I can recall some computer scientists talking about ugly messy Fortran and elegant Algol. For example strict format of Fortran code was compared to free style of Algol: it is ugly to always start at 7 column and put only one operator in line, programming language should be similar to natural language in this regard, white spaces should not matter. This thirty years old habit prevents me from using Python.
Goto and structured programming
A lot of discussions to understand the simple fact the absence of goto does not necessarily make the program comprehensible, in many cases just on the contrary. Yes sometimes goto is harmful (see e. g. here ), however exit from deeply embedded loop is much clear with goto than using any other method. Honestly, the html href is goto on steroids, is it not?
Object Oriented Programming
Combines data and procedures acting upon this data into single entity - object. Encapsulation, inheritance, ... . Works very well in textbooks. Life is more complicated than simple object hierarchy, so every real project ends with multiple inheritance, friend methods, ... . Resulting code is bloated and much less understandable than Fortran with goto.
Generic programming
Nice theoretical work, very elegant ..., containers, iterators, .... . Probably with computer with infinite memory and speed it might work.
I like STL very much. Few years ago I have received nice bonus in return of considerable performance boost I managed to achieve. Yes, I erased STL from code, which I inherited from another guy.
Aspect Oriented Programming
Honestly I do not know what does it mean. The proponents claim that they cure some problems in OOP. It seems that they have managed to insert goto into OOP paradigm.
Extreme programming
Great approach when customer can not explain what he wants. It can be reformulated as "Program now, think later if you will have time for that".